State

Pannai

Pannai was a port polity on the east coast of Sumatra. It is mentioned among the places attacked during the Chola naval raids of the eleventh century. Its subordination to Chola power and later Singhasari pressure weakened the Srivijaya Empire's centre at Palembang.

Pannai
Image: Nicolaes Visscher II · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Pannai. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/pannai
MLA
“Pannai.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/pannai. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Pannai.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/pannai.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Pannai’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/pannai (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻