Person

James Stanislaus Bell

1797–1858 · 19th century

James Stanislaus Bell was a British merchant who in 1836 sent the schooner Vixen to the Circassian coast to challenge Russia's blockade, provoking the Vixen affair. He then lived among the Circassians from 1837 to 1839, supporting their resistance, and published a Journal of a Residence in Circassia in 1840, one of the main Western accounts of Circassian society.

James Stanislaus Bell
Image: Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). James Stanislaus Bell. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/james-stanislaus-bell
MLA
“James Stanislaus Bell.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/james-stanislaus-bell. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “James Stanislaus Bell.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/james-stanislaus-bell.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘James Stanislaus Bell’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/james-stanislaus-bell (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻