kingdom · China, Tibet and Mongolia

Qi (1130-1137)

1130 CE – 1137 CE · capital Daming, Kaifeng

A Jurchen client state in Henan and Shaanxi under the former Song official Liu Yu, used as a buffer and spearhead against the Southern Song.

Origins

Liu Yu, Song prefect of Jinan, surrendered to the Jurchen in 1128. In 1130 the Jin dynasty (1115-1234) installed him as emperor of Great Qi to govern the conquered lands south of the Yellow River, first from Daming and from 1132 from Kaifeng.

Rule and society

Liu Yu ruled with Chinese-style institutions but imposed heavy taxes and labour to pay for war. With Jin support his armies attacked Southern Song several times between 1133 and 1136, but were defeated by Song generals including Yue Fei, and Qi lost credibility with its masters.

Decline and legacy

In 1137 the Jin court abolished Qi, demoted Liu Yu to a prince and took the territory under direct rule. Its lands were briefly returned to the Song in a treaty of 1139 before the Jurchen reoccupied them in 1140.

Lineage

Qi (1130-1137)Jin dynasty (1115-1234) 1115 CE – 1234 CE

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Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Qi (1130-1137). In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/qi-1130-1137
MLA
“Qi (1130-1137).” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/qi-1130-1137. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Qi (1130-1137).” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/qi-1130-1137.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Qi (1130-1137)’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/qi-1130-1137 (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻