Person
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was an Umayyad caliph who reigned from 685 to 705. He reunited the caliphate after a period of civil war, made Arabic the language of administration and introduced a distinctively Islamic gold and silver coinage. He also commissioned the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, and his reforms gave the Umayyad Caliphate much of its lasting governmental structure.

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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan
- MLA
- “Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻