People / group · movement
Black Consciousness Movement
The Black Consciousness Movement was a South African anti-apartheid movement of the late 1960s and 1970s led by Steve Biko and others, beginning with the South African Students' Organisation in 1968. It urged black South Africans to reject white tutelage and build psychological and political self-reliance. Its ideas inspired the students of the Soweto uprising of 1976, and its organisations were banned in 1977.
Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Black Consciousness Movement. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/black-consciousness-movement
- MLA
- “Black Consciousness Movement.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/black-consciousness-movement. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Black Consciousness Movement.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/black-consciousness-movement.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Black Consciousness Movement’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/black-consciousness-movement (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻