Person
Jamalul Kiram II
Jamalul Kiram II was the last sultan of Sulu to hold temporal power, reigning from 1894 to 1936 over the sultanate in the southern Philippines. He signed the Bates Treaty with the United States in 1899, and in 1915, under the Carpenter Agreement, he gave up political authority while remaining head of the Muslim religion in Sulu. After his death the succession was disputed and not recognised by the Philippine government.
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Mentioned in 1 state history
See also
Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Jamalul Kiram II. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/jamalul-kiram-ii
- MLA
- “Jamalul Kiram II.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/jamalul-kiram-ii. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Jamalul Kiram II.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/jamalul-kiram-ii.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Jamalul Kiram II’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/jamalul-kiram-ii (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻