Person

Mahmud Shah III of Johor

1756–1812 · 18th century

Mahmud Shah III was sultan of Johor and Riau from 1761 to 1812, succeeding as a child. Power at his court lay largely with the Bugis viceroys, whose war with the Dutch led to the Dutch occupation of Riau in 1784. He later moved his court to Lingga. His death in 1812 left a disputed succession between his sons Hussein and Abdul Rahman, which the British exploited in founding Singapore in 1819.

Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Mahmud Shah III of Johor. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mahmud-shah-iii-of-johor
MLA
“Mahmud Shah III of Johor.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mahmud-shah-iii-of-johor. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Mahmud Shah III of Johor.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mahmud-shah-iii-of-johor.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Mahmud Shah III of Johor’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mahmud-shah-iii-of-johor (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻