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Third Universal
The Third Universal of the Central Rada, issued in Kyiv on 20 November 1917 after the Bolshevik seizure of power in Petrograd, proclaimed the Ukrainian People's Republic. It declared the new republic part of a future federal Russia rather than independent, and announced land reform, an eight-hour working day and the abolition of the death penalty. It was superseded by the Fourth Universal of January 1918, which declared full independence.
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Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Third Universal. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/third-universal
- MLA
- “Third Universal.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/third-universal. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Third Universal.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/third-universal.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Third Universal’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/third-universal (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻