kingdom · Mesopotamia and Iran

Kazallu

1900 BCE – 1800 BCE (approx.) · capital Kazallu

An Amorite-era city-kingdom of northern Babylonia, an early rival of Babylon whose walls were torn down by Sumu-la-El.

Origins

Kazallu lay in northern Babylonia, near Marad and Kish; its site has not been found. Under the Neo-Sumerian Empire it was a province, and its governor Puzur-Numushda defied Ibbi-Sin in the last years of Ur. In the 19th century BCE it became the seat of an independent kingdom tied to the Amorite Mutiabal tribe.

Rule and society

Kazallu is known mainly through the year names and inscriptions of its neighbours, which record wars and alliances with Larsa, Isin, Uruk and the new Amorite dynasty of Babylon. Kings such as Yahzir-El briefly controlled the region, and the city's position on the Euphrates canals gave it influence over northern Babylonia's grain lands. Its own institutions are almost undocumented.

Decline and legacy

Sumu-la-El of Babylon defeated Kazallu and destroyed its walls in the early 19th century BCE, and it was absorbed by Babylon. Its Mutiabal population later rose against Hammurabi, but by about 1800 BCE the kingdom had ceased to exist.

Few sources survive for this state; details are uncertain.

Connections (1)

  • Kazallu was conquered by Larsa1800 BCE

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Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Kazallu. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kazallu
MLA
“Kazallu.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kazallu. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Kazallu.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kazallu.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Kazallu’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kazallu (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻