republic · South America
New Republic (Brazil)
Origins
The end of the Brazilian military dictatorship came when an electoral college chose Tancredo Neves as president in January 1985. Neves fell ill and died before taking office, and his vice-president, José Sarney, became the first civilian president in 21 years.
Rule and society
The Citizen Constitution of 1988 guaranteed broad rights and direct elections. Fernando Collor, the first directly elected president, resigned during impeachment in 1992. Fernando Henrique Cardoso's Real Plan of 1994 ended hyperinflation. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, president from 2003 to 2010, expanded social programmes such as Bolsa Família. His successor Dilma Rousseff was impeached in 2016 amid recession and the Car Wash corruption investigation.
To the present
Jair Bolsonaro governed from 2019 to 2022 and lost to Lula; Bolsonaro's supporters stormed government buildings in Brasília on 8 January 2023. In 2025 the Supreme Court convicted Bolsonaro of plotting a coup. Brazil remains Latin America's largest democracy.
Lineage
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Cite this page
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). New Republic (Brazil). In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/new-republic-brazil
- MLA
- “New Republic (Brazil).” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/new-republic-brazil. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “New Republic (Brazil).” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/new-republic-brazil.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘New Republic (Brazil)’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/new-republic-brazil (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻