Person
Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma
Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma, was the most famous general of Habsburg Spain in the Dutch Revolt. As governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1578, he reconquered the southern provinces through diplomacy and siege, taking Antwerp in 1585. He was due to join the Spanish Armada's invasion of England in 1588. He succeeded his father as duke of Parma and Piacenza in 1586.

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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/alessandro-farnese-duke-of-parma
- MLA
- “Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/alessandro-farnese-duke-of-parma. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/alessandro-farnese-duke-of-parma.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/alessandro-farnese-duke-of-parma (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻