Oyu Tolgoi

Oyu Tolgoi is a copper and gold mine in the South Gobi desert of Mongolia, one of the largest such deposits in the world. Discovered in 2001, it is developed by a company jointly owned by the Mongolian government and Rio Tinto, with open-pit production beginning in 2013 and a large underground mine later. It accounts for a large share of Mongolia's exports, most of which go to China, and its terms have been a constant subject of political dispute.