Glossary · Term
Spirit medium
A spirit medium is a person believed to be possessed by and speak for ancestral or other spirits. In the Mutapa Empire spirit mediums interpreted the will of the ancestors and influenced political decisions. Accounts of the Mutapa Empire describe their important role in governance.
Mentioned in 2 profiles
Mentioned in 5 state histories
See also
Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Spirit medium. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/spirit-medium
- MLA
- “Spirit medium.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/spirit-medium. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Spirit medium.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/spirit-medium.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Spirit medium’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/spirit-medium (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻