Person
Wanli Emperor
The Wanli Emperor was the 14th emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1572 to 1620, the longest reign of the dynasty. His early years saw the reforms of Zhang Juzheng and costly wars, including the defence of Korea against the Japanese invasions of the 1590s. Later he withdrew from government for decades, leaving offices vacant and the bureaucracy paralysed, which historians see as a cause of Ming decline.

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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Wanli Emperor. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wanli-emperor
- MLA
- “Wanli Emperor.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wanli-emperor. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Wanli Emperor.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wanli-emperor.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Wanli Emperor’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wanli-emperor (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻