republic · Poland, Lithuania and Russia

Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic

1919 CE – 1919 CE · capital Simferopol

A Bolshevik republic in the Crimea in spring 1919, headed by Lenin's brother Dmitry Ulyanov and ended by the White advance.

Origins

In April 1919 the Red Army broke into the Crimea, ending the Crimean Regional Government, and the Bolsheviks proclaimed the Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic. Dmitry Ulyanov, Lenin's younger brother, became deputy chairman and effective head of its council of people's commissars.

Rule and society

The republic was intended partly to reassure the Crimean Tatars and the Allies that the Crimea had its own government. It nationalised land, banks and industry and set up a Red Army of the Crimea. Allied warships and White troops still held the Kerch peninsula, so its control was never complete.

Decline and legacy

In June 1919 Denikin's Armed Forces of South Russia landed and advanced into the Crimea, and the Soviet government withdrew. The Crimea remained in White hands until November 1920, when the Bolsheviks returned for good.

Connections (2)

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Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/crimean-socialist-soviet-republic
MLA
“Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/crimean-socialist-soviet-republic. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/crimean-socialist-soviet-republic.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Crimean Socialist Soviet Republic’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/crimean-socialist-soviet-republic (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻