republic · Iberia
Second Spanish Republic
Origins
After republican parties won the cities in the municipal elections of 12 April 1931, Alfonso XIII left Spain and the republic was proclaimed on 14 April, ending Restoration Spain. The Constitution of December 1931 created a secular, democratic state with women's suffrage.
Rule and society
Governments led by Manuel Azaña pursued land reform, army reform, separation of Church and state and Catalan autonomy. A centre-right coalition reversed many reforms after 1933, and the Asturian miners' revolution of 1934 was crushed. The Popular Front won the elections of February 1936 amid rising political violence.
Decline and legacy
A military coup on 17-18 July 1936 began the Spanish Civil War. The Republic, aided by the Soviet Union and the International Brigades, lost to Franco's Nationalists. Madrid fell in March 1939, and the war ended on 1 April, giving way to Francoist Spain.
Lineage
On the connections map
Open the full map →Connections (6)
- Spanish protectorate in Morocco was a protectorate of Second Spanish Republic1931 CE – 1936 CE
- Spanish Sahara was a colony of Second Spanish Republic1931 CE – 1936 CE
- Generalitat of Catalonia (1931-1939) was part of Second Spanish Republic1931 CE – 1939 CE
- Ifni was a colony of Second Spanish Republic1934 CE – 1936 CE
- Euzkadi (1936-1937) was part of Second Spanish Republic1936 CE – 1937 CE
- Sovereign Council of Asturias and León split from Second Spanish Republic1937 CE
Cite this page
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Second Spanish Republic. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/second-spanish-republic
- MLA
- “Second Spanish Republic.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/second-spanish-republic. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Second Spanish Republic.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/second-spanish-republic.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Second Spanish Republic’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/second-spanish-republic (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻