kingdom · Iberia
Restoration Spain
Origins
In December 1874 General Arsenio Martínez Campos proclaimed Alfonso XII, son of Isabella II, at Sagunto, ending the Sexenio Democrático. The conservative statesman Antonio Cánovas del Castillo designed the new order and its Constitution of 1876.
Rule and society
Under the turno pacífico, Cánovas's Conservatives and Sagasta's Liberals alternated in power through elections managed by local bosses, the caciques. The system kept order but excluded workers and regionalists. Defeat by the United States in 1898 cost Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines, and the Tragic Week of 1909 and the disaster of Annual in Morocco in 1921 shook the regime.
Decline and legacy
Alfonso XIII backed Miguel Primo de Rivera's dictatorship from 1923 to 1930. After republican victories in the municipal elections of April 1931, the king left Spain, and the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed.
Lineage
On the connections map
Open the full map →Connections (4)
- Restoration Spain was part of Spanish Empire1874 CE – 1931 CE
- Carlist State was conquered by Restoration Spain1876 CE
- Spanish Sahara was a colony of Restoration Spain1884 CE – 1931 CE
- Spanish protectorate in Morocco was a protectorate of Restoration Spain1912 CE – 1931 CE
Cite this page
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Restoration Spain. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/restoration-spain
- MLA
- “Restoration Spain.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/restoration-spain. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Restoration Spain.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/restoration-spain.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Restoration Spain’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/restoration-spain (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻