Conflicts & Resolutions · Crisis
Execution of the Mongol envoys (1218)
The execution of the Mongol envoys in 1218 followed the massacre of a Mongol-sponsored trade caravan at Otrar. When Genghis Khan sent envoys to demand redress, Shah Muhammad II of the Khwarazmian Empire had them killed or humiliated. This provocation triggered the Mongol invasion that destroyed the Khwarazmian state.
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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Execution of the Mongol envoys (1218). In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/execution-of-the-mongol-envoys-1218
- MLA
- “Execution of the Mongol envoys (1218).” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/execution-of-the-mongol-envoys-1218. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Execution of the Mongol envoys (1218).” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/execution-of-the-mongol-envoys-1218.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Execution of the Mongol envoys (1218)’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/execution-of-the-mongol-envoys-1218 (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻