Person
Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois
Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois was a granddaughter of Charles X of France and the wife of Charles III, duke of Parma. After her husband's assassination in 1854 she governed the duchy as regent for their young son Robert I. She left Parma during the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859, and the duchy was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860.
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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/louise-marie-therese-of-artois
- MLA
- “Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/louise-marie-therese-of-artois. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/louise-marie-therese-of-artois.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/louise-marie-therese-of-artois (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻