Conflicts & Resolutions · War
Opium Wars
The Opium Wars were two conflicts between Qing China and Western powers, chiefly Britain, in 1839–1842 and 1856–1860. Arising from British efforts to force open Chinese markets, including to the opium trade, they ended in Qing defeat. The resulting unequal treaties ceded Hong Kong to the British Empire and established foreign privileges that weakened the Qing Empire.
Mentioned in 2 profiles
See also
Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Opium Wars. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/opium-wars
- MLA
- “Opium Wars.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/opium-wars. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Opium Wars.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/opium-wars.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Opium Wars’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/opium-wars (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻