Institution
Panamanian Defense Forces
The Panamanian Defense Forces were Panama's armed forces from 1983 to 1989, formed when the National Guard was reorganised into a combined army, navy, air force and police under the command of Manuel Noriega. They were the real centre of power, controlling the state and much of the economy. They were destroyed by the American invasion of December 1989, and a standing army was abolished in 1994.
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See also
Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Panamanian Defense Forces. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/panamanian-defense-forces
- MLA
- “Panamanian Defense Forces.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/panamanian-defense-forces. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Panamanian Defense Forces.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/panamanian-defense-forces.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Panamanian Defense Forces’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/panamanian-defense-forces (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻