Conflicts & Resolutions · War
Wars of Castro
The Wars of Castro were two conflicts over the Duchy of Castro, a Farnese fief in the Papal States north of Rome. In the first, from 1641 to 1644, Pope Urban VIII fought Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma, who was backed by Venice, Tuscany and Modena, and the papacy was forced to make peace. In the second, in 1649, Pope Innocent X captured and razed the town of Castro.

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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Wars of Castro. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wars-of-castro
- MLA
- “Wars of Castro.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wars-of-castro. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Wars of Castro.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wars-of-castro.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Wars of Castro’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wars-of-castro (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻