Year by year · 17th century
1649
1649 in world history: 12 events, 3 births, 6 deaths, 1 work, 3 states founded and 1 that came to an end. 1,107 recorded states existed that year.
Events
Trial of Charles I opens in Westminster Hall
A High Court of Justice set up by the Rump Parliament tried the King for treason against his people. Charles refused to recognise its authority and was beheaded ten days later.
Charles I is beheaded in Whitehall
Convicted of treason, Charles I was executed on a scaffold outside the Banqueting House. England became a republic, and the monarchy was not restored until 1660.
England is declared a Commonwealth
Four months after the execution of Charles I, the Rump Parliament declared England a 'Commonwealth and Free State' without king or House of Lords. It gave way to Cromwell's Protectorate in 1653.
Event
Maryland Toleration Act
The Maryland Toleration Act, passed by the colony's assembly in April 1649, guaranteed freedom of worship to Christians who believed in the Trinity.
Treaty · Peace
Treaty of Zboriv
The Treaty of Zboriv was concluded in August 1649 between the Polish king John II Casimir and the Cossack hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, after a Polish army had been besieged at Zbarazh and the king's relief force was attacked at Zboriv.
In the profiles
Iroquois ConfederacyHaudenosaunee war parties destroy the towns of the Huron Confederacy
Kingdom of EnglandCharles I is executed and the Commonwealth of England proclaimed
Bailiwick of JerseyCharles II is proclaimed king in Saint Helier
Kingdom of IrelandOliver Cromwell storms Drogheda and Wexford
Tsardom of RussiaThe Sobornoe Ulozhenie law code completes the enserfment of the peasantry
Wars and longer events
Born in 1649 3
Died in 1649 6
Works 1
States founded 3
States that came to an end 1
Great speeches
All years → The 17th century →
Cite this page
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). 1649. In The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1649
- MLA
- “1649.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1649. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “1649.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1649.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘1649’, The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1649 (Accessed: ).