9 December in history

5 events that happened on 9 December, from 1165 to 1961.

  1. ✦ Anniversary of the day

    1165 CE 861 years ago

    Malcolm IV, the 'Maiden King' of Scotland, dies

    Malcolm IV died unmarried at 24, after a reign in which he surrendered Northumbria and Cumbria to Henry II of England. His brother William the Lion succeeded him and reigned for 49 years.

    ScotlandEngland

  2. 1531 CE 495 years ago

    Juan Diego reports a vision of the Virgin at Tepeyac

    According to tradition, the Virgin Mary appeared to the Indigenous convert Juan Diego on the hill of Tepeyac near Mexico City. The image of Our Lady of Guadalupe became Mexico's most revered religious symbol.

    Mexico City

  3. 1917 CE 109 years ago

    Jerusalem surrenders to British forces

    The mayor of Jerusalem surrendered the city to the British army, ending four centuries of Ottoman rule. General Allenby entered on foot two days later.

  4. 1940 CE 86 years ago

    British forces launch Operation Compass in Egypt

    British and Commonwealth troops attacked Italian camps in western Egypt. In two months they advanced 500 miles and took some 130,000 prisoners, before Rommel's arrival turned the tide.

  5. 1961 CE 65 years ago

    Tanganyika becomes independent

    Tanganyika became independent from Britain, with Julius Nyerere as prime minister. In 1964 it united with Zanzibar to form Tanzania.

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