Place · city

Baalbek

Also known as Heliopolis (Syria)

Baalbek is a town in the Beqaa valley of Lebanon, known in antiquity as Heliopolis. Its Roman temple complex, with the temples of Jupiter, Bacchus and Venus built between the 1st and 3rd centuries, is one of the largest in the Roman world. In the Middle Ages the sanctuary was fortified as a citadel, and the town was held by Ayyubid princes and later by the Harfush emirs.

Baalbek
Image: Lodo from Moscow, Russia · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Mentioned in 2 state histories

Ayyubid Emirate of BaalbekHarfush emirate

See also

Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Baalbek. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/baalbek
MLA
“Baalbek.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/baalbek. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Baalbek.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/baalbek.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Baalbek’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/baalbek (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻