Place · sea

Gulf of Finland

The Gulf of Finland is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea, lying between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, with St Petersburg at its eastern end. In the Middle Ages it carried the trade between the Hanseatic towns and Novgorod via the Neva, and Reval (Tallinn) and Vyborg grew on its shores. Control of its coasts was contested by Sweden, Russia and the Livonian powers for centuries.

Gulf of Finland
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RevalSocioeconomy

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Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Gulf of Finland. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/gulf-of-finland
MLA
“Gulf of Finland.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/gulf-of-finland. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Gulf of Finland.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/gulf-of-finland.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Gulf of Finland’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/gulf-of-finland (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻