Glossary · Term

Shudra

Shudra is the fourth of the four varnas, the classes of traditional Hindu society described in Vedic and later Sanskrit texts, below the Brahmins, Kshatriyas and Vaishyas. Shudras were assigned the duty of serving the other three classes and were excluded from Vedic study and ritual. Several ancient dynasties, including the Nandas of Magadha, were said in hostile sources to be of Shudra origin.

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Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Shudra. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/shudra
MLA
“Shudra.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/shudra. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Shudra.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/shudra.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Shudra’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/shudra (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻