Inventions & Discoveries · Farming and food
Wine
Wine is an alcoholic drink made by fermenting grapes. The earliest known traces of it, from about 6000 BCE, were found near Tbilisi in Georgia; jars from Hajj Firuz in Iran, of about 5000 BCE, held wine sealed with pine resin, and the Areni-1 cave in Armenia holds the oldest known winery, with a press, vats and jars from about 4100 BCE. Phoenicians and Greeks spread wine around the Mediterranean, the Romans enlarged its trade, and it became part of Jewish and Christian ritual. In the 19th century phylloxera forced the replanting of almost every vine in Europe.
On the inventions tree
- First known
- c. 6000 BCE
- Where
- Near Tbilisi, Georgia
NotePottery jars from Jiahu in China, of the early seventh millennium BCE, may have held a fermented drink of rice and grapes, but other fruits cannot be ruled out. The Hajj Firuz jars from Iran, of about 5000 BCE, are also called the earliest firm evidence of wine production.
See also
Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Wine. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wine
- MLA
- “Wine.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wine. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Wine.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wine.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Wine’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/wine (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻