kingdom · China, Tibet and Mongolia
Eastern Liao
Origins
In 1212, as Mongol attacks weakened the Jin dynasty (1115-1234), the Khitan officer Yelü Liuge rebelled in Liaodong and allied himself with Genghis Khan. In 1213 he proclaimed himself king of Liao, reviving the name of the fallen Liao dynasty, and defeated Jin armies sent against him.
Rule and society
The kingdom drew on Khitan soldiers and settlers in Manchuria. Yelü Liuge chose loyalty to the Mongols over full independence, submitting in person to Genghis Khan in 1215. Some of his followers rejected this, set up a rival regime, and fled into Goryeo, where Mongol and Korean forces destroyed them in 1219.
Decline and legacy
After Yelü Liuge's death in 1220 his widow and son Yelü Xuedu governed as hereditary vassals of the Mongol Empire. The kingdom was gradually reduced and was abolished in 1269 under Kublai, its lands absorbed into Yuan administration.
Lineage
On the connections map
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- Eastern Liao was a vassal of Mongol Empire1213 CE – 1269 CE
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Cite this page
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Eastern Liao. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/eastern-liao
- MLA
- “Eastern Liao.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/eastern-liao. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Eastern Liao.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/eastern-liao.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Eastern Liao’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/eastern-liao (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻