chiefdom · France and the Low Countries

Texuandri

50 BCE – 350 CE (approx.)

People of the sandy heathlands of the Kempen and Brabant whose land, Toxandria, became the first Roman foothold of the Salian Franks.

Origins

Known chiefly from Pliny, who lists them among the peoples of Gallia Belgica, the Texuandri lived in the region between the Meuse and the Scheldt, in the modern Belgian Kempen and Dutch North Brabant. They may have been a subdivision of the Tungri.

Rule and society

Nothing is known of their rulers. Their land was thinly settled, with scattered farms on poor sandy soils, and inscriptions record Texuandrian soldiers serving in the Roman army, including in Britain.

Decline and legacy

In the 3rd and 4th centuries the area was disrupted by Frankish raids. In 358 the future emperor Julian accepted the submission of the Salian Franks, who had already settled in Toxandria, and let them stay as Roman allies, and the region became the cradle of Frankish power in the Low Countries.

Few sources survive for this state; details are uncertain.

Connections (1)

More states of France and the Low Countries →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Texuandri. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/texuandri
MLA
“Texuandri.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/texuandri. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Texuandri.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/texuandri.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Texuandri’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/texuandri (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻