19 June in history

6 events that happened on 19 June, from 1269 to 1961.

  1. ✦ Anniversary of the day

    1269 CE 757 years ago

    Louis IX orders Jews in France to wear a badge

    An ordinance of Louis IX required Jews to wear a coloured circle of cloth, the rouelle, on their clothing. It enforced a rule of the Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 and marked Jews out for discrimination.

  2. 1865 CE 161 years ago

    Union troops proclaim emancipation in Galveston, Texas

    General Gordon Granger announced that all enslaved people in Texas were free, two and a half years after the Emancipation Proclamation. The day is celebrated as Juneteenth, a US federal holiday since 2021.

  3. 1867 CE 159 years ago

    Emperor Maximilian of Mexico is executed

    Maximilian, the Austrian archduke installed by France as Emperor of Mexico, was shot by firing squad at Querétaro with two of his generals. Benito Juárez's republic was restored.

    Mexico

  4. 1910 CE 116 years ago

    First Father's Day is held in Spokane

    Sonora Smart Dodd organised the celebration to honour her father, a widower who raised six children. Father's Day became a permanent US national holiday in 1972.

  5. 1953 CE 73 years ago

    Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed

    The couple were electrocuted at Sing Sing for passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union. Ethel's role, in particular, remains disputed.

    Soviet Union

  6. 1961 CE 65 years ago

    Kuwait gains independence from Britain

    An exchange of notes ended the 1899 agreement that made Kuwait a British protectorate. Iraq claimed the new state, and invaded it in 1990.

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