Work / monument · infrastructure
Lines of Torres Vedras
The Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts and earthworks built in secret in 1809–1810 on Wellington's orders to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War. Stretching across the peninsula north of the city, they stopped Marshal Masséna's French army in October 1810. Unable to break through and starving in a stripped countryside, the French withdrew from Portugal in 1811.
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Cite this entry
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Lines of Torres Vedras. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/lines-of-torres-vedras
- MLA
- “Lines of Torres Vedras.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/lines-of-torres-vedras. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Lines of Torres Vedras.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/lines-of-torres-vedras.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Lines of Torres Vedras’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/lines-of-torres-vedras (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻