kingdom · Egypt, North Africa and Sudan

Kingdom of Egypt

1922 CE – 1953 CE · capital Cairo

Egypt's constitutional monarchy under Fuad I and Farouk, independent in name but under British influence, overthrown by the Free Officers.

Origins

Britain's declaration of February 1922 ended the Sultanate of Egypt, recognising Egypt as independent while reserving defence, communications, foreign interests and Sudan. Fuad I took the title of king, and a constitution followed in 1923.

Rule and society

Parliamentary politics were dominated by the struggle between the popular Wafd party, the palace and the British. The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 kept British troops in the Canal Zone. In 1942 British tanks surrounded Abdeen Palace to force Farouk to appoint a Wafd government, and the Axis advance was halted at El Alamein. Defeat in the 1948 war against Israel discredited the regime.

Decline and legacy

After the Cairo riots of January 1952, the Free Officers led by Muhammad Naguib and Gamal Abdel Nasser seized power in July. Farouk abdicated for his infant son Fuad II, and the monarchy was abolished in June 1953, creating the Republic of Egypt.

Lineage

Sultanate of Egypt 1914 CE – 1922 CEKingdom of EgyptRepublic of Egypt 1953 CE – present

Connections (1)

More states of Egypt, North Africa and Sudan →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Kingdom of Egypt. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kingdom-of-egypt
MLA
“Kingdom of Egypt.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kingdom-of-egypt. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Kingdom of Egypt.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kingdom-of-egypt.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Kingdom of Egypt’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/kingdom-of-egypt (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻