Year by year · 13th century

1291

1291 in world history: 7 events, 3 births, 3 deaths, 1 work, 5 states founded and 2 that came to an end. 760 recorded states existed that year.

Events

  1. 18 May

    Mamluks capture Acre, the last great crusader city

    Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil's army stormed Acre after a six-week siege. The remaining crusader towns on the coast were abandoned within months, ending the crusader states in the Levant.

  2. 1 August

    Swiss cantons swear the alliance celebrated as Switzerland's birth

    Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden concluded a perpetual defensive alliance, recorded in the Federal Charter dated early August 1291. 1 August is now Swiss National Day.

    Switzerland

  3. 8 November

    Venice confines its glassmaking industry to Murano

    A Venetian law confined most of the city's glassmaking industry to the islands of Murano, in the lagoon north of Venice. Moving the furnaces removed a fire hazard from the city and kept glassmaking expertise from potential competitors.

    Murano

  4. Siege

    Fall of Acre (1291)

    The fall of Acre in 1291 was the capture of the last major Crusader stronghold in the Levant by the Mamluk Sultanate.

ProfileState690 states with a known seat in 1291Open the atlas at 1291 →

In the profiles

Born in 1291 3

Died in 1291 3

Works 1

States founded 5

States that came to an end 2

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Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). 1291. In The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1291
MLA
“1291.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1291. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “1291.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1291.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘1291’, The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1291 (Accessed: ).