Person
Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab
Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab was a Mamluk commander in Ottoman Egypt and the protégé of Ali Bey al-Kabir. He crushed the Hawwara of Upper Egypt in 1769 and conquered Damascus for Ali Bey in 1771, but then turned against his master, who was defeated and died in 1773. He ruled Egypt himself and died during a campaign in Palestine in 1775.

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- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/muhammad-bey-abu-al-dhahab
- MLA
- “Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/muhammad-bey-abu-al-dhahab. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/muhammad-bey-abu-al-dhahab.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/muhammad-bey-abu-al-dhahab (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻