Encyclopedia: M
2,409 entries under M · page 21 of 25: Mpu Kanwa – Muhammad I al-Mustansir
- Mpu KanwaPersonMpu Kanwa was a court poet of King Airlangga of Kahuripan in East Java in the early 11th century.
- Mpu PrapancaPersonMpu Prapanca was a Buddhist court poet of the Majapahit kingdom in Java, author of the Old Javanese poem Nagarakretagama (Desawarnana), completed in 1365.
- Mpu SindokPersonMpu Sindok was a king of the Medang kingdom of Java who moved the royal centre from Central to East Java around 929, possibly after eruptions of Merapi or pressure from…
MpumalangaPlaceMpumalanga is a province of north-eastern South Africa, bordering Eswatini and Mozambique, created in 1994 from the eastern part of the former Transvaal and given its…- MputaPersonMputa, also called Mputa Maseko, was a leader of the Maseko Ngoni in the mid-nineteenth century.
Mrauk UPlaceMrauk U is a town in Rakhine State, western Myanmar, that was the capital of the Arakanese kingdom from 1430 to 1785.
MsallataPlaceMsallata is a town in the hills of north-western Libya, inland from Khoms and south-east of Tripoli.
MsiriPersonMsiri was a Nyamwezi trader from western Tanzania who founded the Yeke kingdom in Katanga in the second half of the 19th century.- Mstislav DavydovichPersonMstislav Davydovich was prince of Smolensk from 1219 to 1230.
Mstislav I of KievPersonMstislav I, called the Great, was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1125 to 1132, the eldest son of Vladimir Monomakh and Gytha of Wessex.
Mstislav II of KievPersonMstislav II of Kiev (Mstislav Iziaslavich) was prince of Volhynia, which he ruled as a separate principality from 1154, and grand prince of Kiev from 1167 to 1169.- Mstislav MstislavichPersonMstislav Mstislavich, called the Bold (Udatny), was a Rus' prince who ruled Novgorod at intervals from 1210 to 1217 and later Galicia.
Mstislav of TmutarakanPersonMstislav of Tmutarakan was a son of Vladimir the Great who ruled the principality of Tmutarakan on the Taman peninsula.- MstislavlPlaceMstislavl is a small town in Mogilev Region, eastern Belarus, on the Vikhra river in the Sozh basin.
- Mswati IIPersonMswati II was king of the Swazi from 1840 to 1868, and the Swazi people take their name from him.
Mtamvuna RiverPlaceThe Mtamvuna is a river of South Africa that flows into the Indian Ocean and forms part of the boundary between the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape.
Mthatha RiverPlaceThe Mthatha is a river of the Eastern Cape in South Africa, flowing south-east past the city of Mthatha into the Indian Ocean.
Mthethwa ParamountcyStateThe Mthethwa Paramountcy was a Nguni state near the coast of what is now KwaZulu-Natal, which under Dingiswayo dominated neighbouring chiefdoms, including the Zulu, in…
MtskhetaPlaceMtskheta is a small town north of Tbilisi in Georgia, where the Aragvi meets the Kura.- Mu of BalhaePersonMu, personal name Dae Muye, was the second king of Balhae, reigning from 719 to 737, and son of its founder Dae Joyeong.
- Mu'allaqatWork / monumentThe Mu'allaqat, or Suspended Odes, are a collection of seven (in some versions ten) long pre-Islamic Arabic poems regarded as the finest of early Arabic poetry.
Mu'ayyad al-DawlaPersonMu'ayyad al-Dawla was a Buyid ruler, a son of Rukn al-Dawla, who governed Isfahan from 976 as a loyal ally of his brother Adud al-Dawla.- al-Mu'ayyad MuhammadPersonAl-Mu'ayyad Muhammad was the Zaydi imam of Yemen from 1620 to 1644 and the second ruler of the Qasimid State.
al-Mu'azzam IsaPersonal-Mu'azzam Isa was the Ayyubid ruler of Damascus from 1218 to 1227, a son of al-Adil and nephew of Saladin.- Mu'in al-Din Suleyman PervanePersonMu'in al-Din Suleyman, known by his title Pervane, was the leading statesman of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the 1260s and 1270s, governing under Mongol overlordship.
- Mu'in al-Din UnurPersonMu'in al-Din Unur was a Turkish mamluk commander who governed Damascus as atabeg for the last Burid rulers from about 1138 until his death in 1149.
Mu'izz al-DawlaPersonMu'izz al-Dawla was the youngest of the three Buyid brothers who built a Daylamite empire in Iran and Iraq.- Mu'izz al-Din Husayn KartPersonMu'izz al-Din Husayn Kart was the most notable ruler of the Kart dynasty of Herat, reigning from 1331 to 1370.
Al-Mu'izz ibn BadisPersonAl-Mu'izz ibn Badis was Zirid emir of Ifriqiya from 1016 to 1062.
al-Mu'tadidPersonAl-Mu'tadid was Abbasid caliph from 892 to 902.
al-Mu'tasimPersonAl-Mu'tasim was an Abbasid caliph who reigned from 833 to 842.- Mu'tazilismReligion / ideaMu'tazilism was a school of Islamic theology that emphasised reason and rational argument in interpreting doctrine, including the view that the Quran was created rather…
Muammar GaddafiPersonMuammar Gaddafi was the ruler of Libya from 1969 to 2011.- Muara KamanPlaceMuara Kaman is a village on the Mahakam River in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, where seven inscribed stone pillars (yupa) of King Mulavarman of Kutai were found.
Muara TakusPlaceMuara Takus is a Buddhist temple compound in Kampar Regency, Riau province, on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.
Muaro JambiPlaceMuara Jambi is a large Buddhist temple complex on the Batang Hari river east of the city of Jambi in Sumatra, Indonesia, built mainly between the seventh and thirteenth…
Muawiya IPersonMuawiya I was the founder of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 to 680.- Mubadala Investment CompanyInstitutionMubadala Investment Company is a sovereign wealth fund owned by the government of Abu Dhabi.
Mubarak al-SabahPersonMubarak al-Sabah, called Mubarak the Great, was ruler of Kuwait from 1896 to 1915.- Mubarak Shah SharqiPersonMubarak Shah Sharqi was the second ruler of the Sharqi dynasty of Jaunpur, adopted son of its founder Malik Sarwar.
Mubariz al-Din MuhammadPersonMubariz al-Din Muhammad was the founder of the Muzaffarid dynasty in southern Iran.- Mubariz KhanPersonMubariz Khan was a Mughal noble and governor of Hyderabad who was appointed by the court in Delhi to oppose the growing independence of Nizam-ul-Mulk in the Deccan.
- Mubashshir Nasir al-DawlaPersonMubashshir Nasir al-Dawla was the last ruler of the Taifa of Majorca, governing the Balearic Islands from about 1093 until his death in 1114.
Much WenlockPlaceMuch Wenlock is a market town in Shropshire, England, which grew around a monastery founded about 680 with Mildburh as its abbess.- Mudaito dynastyPeople / groupThe Mudaito are an Afar clan whose dynasty ruled the Sultanate of Aussa in the lower Awash valley of north-eastern Ethiopia.
Mudan RiverPlaceThe Mudan River is a river of north-east China, about 700 kilometres long, rising in Jilin province and flowing north through Heilongjiang to join the Songhua.
MudéjarPeople / groupMudéjars were Muslims who remained under Christian rule in the Iberian kingdoms as the Reconquista advanced, from the 11th to the early 16th century.
Mudéjar revolt of 1264–1266Revolt · 1264–1266The Mudéjar revolt of 1264–1266 was an uprising of Muslims living under Castilian rule in Andalusia and Murcia, supported by the Nasrid emir of Granada.
Mudhoji II BhonslePersonMudhoji II Bhonsle, known as Appa Sahib, was ruler of the Maratha kingdom of Nagpur from 1816 to 1818, first as regent for his cousin Parsoji, whom he is believed to…- Mufarraj ibn SallamPersonMufarraj ibn Sallam was the second ruler of the Emirate of Bari in southern Italy, in power in the 850s.
- Mufarrij ibn DaghfalPersonMufarrij ibn Daghfal was chief of the Banu Jarrah, a Tayyi Arab clan that dominated Palestine in the late 10th and early 11th centuries.
- Mughal EmpireStateThe Mughal Empire was a dynasty of Timurid descent that ruled much of the Indian subcontinent from 1526, when Babur defeated the Lodi sultan at Panipat.
Mughal war of succession (1657–1661)War · 1657–1661The Mughal war of succession broke out when the emperor Shah Jahan fell ill in 1657 and his four sons fought for the throne.
Mughal–Maratha WarsWar · 1680–1707The Mughal–Maratha Wars, also called the Deccan Wars, were fought from 1680 to 1707 between the Mughal Empire under Aurangzeb and the Maratha kingdom founded by Shivaji.- Mughan assemblyEventThe Mughan assembly was the great gathering held on the Mughan plain in 1736 at which Nader Afshar was proclaimed shah.
Mughan plainPlaceThe Mughan plain is a lowland steppe south of the Aras river, divided today between Azerbaijan and Iran.- Mughith al-Din TughrilshahPersonMughith al-Din Tughrilshah was a prince of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum and a son of Kilij Arslan II.
- al-Mughith UmarPersonAl-Mughith Umar was the last Ayyubid ruler of Kerak, in Transjordan, from 1250 to 1263.
- MuhammadPersonMuhammad was the prophet of Islam, born in Mecca around 570 and active as a merchant before, according to Islamic tradition, receiving the revelations gathered in the…
- Muhammad Abu LikaylikPersonMuhammad Abu Likaylik was a Hamaj military leader in the Funj Sultanate of Sennar.
- Muhammad Adil ShahPersonMuhammad Adil Shah was sultan of Bijapur from 1627 to 1656.
Muhammad AhmadPersonMuhammad Ahmad was a Sudanese Sufi teacher who in 1881 declared himself the Mahdi and led a revolt against Turco-Egyptian rule in the Sudan.- Muhammad al-Amin BeyPersonMuhammad al-Amin Bey, known as Lamine Bey, was the last ruler of the Husainid dynasty of Tunisia.
- Muhammad al-AyyashiPersonMuhammad al-Ayyashi was a Moroccan Sufi warrior who led holy war against the Spanish coastal garrisons in the early 17th century.
Muhammad al-BadrPersonMuhammad al-Badr was the last Zaydi imam and king of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.- Muhammad al-FasiPersonMuhammad al-Fasi was a sharif, said to have come from Morocco, who around 1550 established himself in the Fezzan oases of southern Libya and founded the Awlad Muhammad…
- Muhammad al-Habib of TrarzaPersonMuhammad al-Habib was emir of Trarza in south-western Mauritania from 1827 until 1860.
Muhammad al-IdrisiPersonMuhammad al-Idrisi was an Arab geographer and cartographer, born probably in Ceuta, who worked at the court of the Norman king Roger II of Sicily in Palermo.- Muhammad al-KhaliliPersonMuhammad bin Abdullah al-Khalili was the Ibadi Imam of Oman from 1920 until his death in 1954, ruling the interior from Nizwa.
- Muhammad al-Muzaffar of BadajozPersonMuhammad al-Muzaffar of Badajoz was the second Aftasid ruler of the Taifa of Badajoz, reigning from about 1045 to 1068.
Muhammad al-NasirPersonMuhammad al-Nasir was Almohad caliph from 1199 to 1213, son of Yaqub al-Mansur.- Muhammad al-Qa'imPersonMuhammad al-Qa'im bi-amr Allah was the founder of the Saadi dynasty of Morocco.
- Muhammad al-Sanusi of Dar al-KutiPersonMuhammad al-Sanusi of Dar al-Kuti was sultan of Dar al-Kuti, in what is now the north of the Central African Republic, from 1890 to 1911.
- Muhammad al-Sharif of WadaiPersonMuhammad al-Sharif was sultan of Wadai from 1835 to 1858.
- Muhammad al-Shaykh al-WattasiPersonMuhammad al-Shaykh al-Wattasi was the founder of the Wattasid sultanate of Morocco.
- Muhammad al-TunisiPersonMuhammad al-Tunisi was a North African scholar and traveller who lived at the court of the Darfur Sultanate from about 1803 to 1812, under Sultan Mohammed al-Fadl.
Muhammad Ali al-AbidPersonMuhammad Ali al-Abid was the first president of the Syrian Republic under the French mandate, serving from 1932 to 1936.
Muhammad Ali JinnahPersonMuhammad Ali Jinnah was the leader of the All-India Muslim League and the founder of Pakistan.- Muhammad Ali Khan of TonkPersonMuhammad Ali Khan was the Nawab of Tonk, a princely state of Rajputana in India, from 1864 to 1867.
Muhammad Ali Khan WallajahPersonMuhammad Ali Khan Wallajah was Nawab of the Carnatic from 1749 to 1795.
Muhammad Ali of EgyptPersonMuhammad Ali of Egypt was an Albanian officer of the Ottoman army who became governor of Egypt in 1805 and founded a dynasty that ruled until 1952.- Muhammad Alwali IIPersonMuhammad Alwali II was the last Hausa king of Kano, ruling from 1781.
- Muhammad Amin (naib of Shamil)PersonMuhammad Amin was an Avar religious leader sent by Imam Shamil in 1848 as his naib, or deputy, to the Circassians of the north-western Caucasus.
Muhammad Amin BughraPersonMuhammad Amin Bughra was a Uyghur nationalist leader from Khotan in Xinjiang.- Muhammad Amin of KazanPersonMuhammad Amin of Kazan was khan of Kazan three times between 1484 and 1518.
- Muhammad Arsyad al-BanjariPersonMuhammad Arsyad al-Banjari was an Islamic scholar from the Banjar Sultanate in southern Borneo.
- Muhammad Bahr al-DinPersonMuhammad Bahr al-Din, known as Andoka, was sultan of Dar Masalit, on the border of Sudan and Chad, from 1910 to 1951.
Muhammad Baqir MajlesiPersonMuhammad Baqir Majlesi was a leading Shia cleric of the late Safavid Empire.
Muhammad BelloPersonMuhammad Bello was the son of Usman dan Fodio and the first sultan of Sokoto, ruling from 1817 to 1837.
Muhammad Bey Abu al-DhahabPersonMuhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab was a Mamluk commander in Ottoman Egypt and the protégé of Ali Bey al-Kabir.- Muhammad bin ThaniPersonMuhammad bin Thani was the leader of Doha and the first ruler of Qatar recognised by Britain.
Muhammad bin TughlaqPersonMuhammad bin Tughlaq was sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351, known for ambitious but unsuccessful schemes.
Muhammad bin TughluqPersonMuhammad bin Tughluq was sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351.- Muhammad Daud SyahPersonMuhammad Daud Syah was the last sultan of Aceh.
- Muhammad Diler KhanPersonMuhammad Diler Khan was an Afghan officer in Mughal service who founded the small state of Kurwai in central India in 1713.
- Muhammad Falihi KaimuddinPersonMuhammad Falihi Kaimuddin was the last sultan of Buton, an island sultanate off south-eastern Sulawesi in Indonesia, reigning from 1937 until his death in 1960.
Muhammad Haidar DughlatPersonMuhammad Haidar Dughlat was a Central Asian prince, soldier and historian of the Dughlat family and a cousin of the Mughal emperor Babur.
Muhammad Haji Ibrahim EgalPersonMuhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal was a Somali politician who became prime minister of the State of Somaliland at independence in June 1960 and later prime minister of the…- Muhammad Husayn Khan of DerbentPersonMuhammad Husayn Khan of Derbent was the first khan of Derbent, the walled Caspian city in Dagestan.
Muhammad I al-MustansirPersonMuhammad I al-Mustansir was the Hafsid ruler of Ifriqiya from 1249 to 1277 and the first of the dynasty to take the title of caliph, in 1253.