Encyclopedia: Q
190 entries under Q · page 1 of 2: Q'eqchi' people – Qizilbash
Q'eqchi' peoplePeople / groupThe Q'eqchi' are a Maya people of Guatemala and Belize, centred on the department of Alta Verapaz and spreading into Izabal, the Petén and southern Belize.
Q'umarkajPlaceQ'umarkaj, called Utatlán by the Spanish, was the capital of the K'iche' Maya kingdom in the highlands of Guatemala, near modern Santa Cruz del Quiché.- Al-Qa'imPersonAl-Qa'im was an Abbasid caliph of the eleventh century whose authority was dominated first by the Shi'a Buyids.
QabalaPlaceQabala is a town in northern Azerbaijan on the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus.- Qaboos bin SaidPersonQaboos bin Said was sultan of Oman from 1970 to 2020, the longest-serving ruler in the Arab world at his death.
QabusPersonQabus ibn Wushmgir was a ruler of the Ziyarid dynasty of Gurgan and Tabaristan, reigning from 977 to 981 and again from 997 to 1012.
Qabus-namaWork / monumentThe Qabus-nama is a Persian book of advice written in 1082 to 1083 by the Ziyarid prince Keikavus for his son Gilanshah, and named after the author's grandfather, Qabus…
QadiInstitutionA qadi is a judge in Islamic law, responsible for applying sharia in civil, family and criminal cases.- Qadi Abd al-JabbarPersonQadi Abd al-Jabbar was a leading Mu'tazili theologian and jurist who served as chief judge at Ray under the Buyids, appointed through the vizier al-Sahib ibn Abbad.
- Qadi Isa SavajiPersonQadi Isa Savaji was a judge and leading minister of the Aq Qoyunlu ruler Ya'qub (r. 1478–1490).
QadiriyyaReligion / ideaThe Qadiriyya is one of the oldest and most widespread Sufi orders in Islam, named after the twelfth-century scholar Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani.
QadmusPlaceQadmus is a town in the coastal mountains of western Syria, in Tartus governorate, built around a medieval castle.
al-QaedaPeople / groupAl-Qaeda is a Sunni jihadist organisation founded in 1988 by Osama bin Laden and other veterans of the war against the Soviets in Afghanistan.
Al-Qaeda in the Arabian PeninsulaPeople / groupAl-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) is a jihadist group formed in January 2009 by the merger of al-Qaeda's Saudi and Yemeni branches, based in Yemen.
Qahtan al-ShaabiPersonQahtan al-Shaabi was a leader of the National Liberation Front who became the first president of South Yemen when Britain withdrew from Aden on 30 November 1967.- QahtanitesPeople / groupThe Qahtanites are the Arabs who traced their descent from the legendary ancestor Qahtan, associated with southern Arabia and Yemen.
QaitbayPersonQaitbay was Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria from 1468 to 1496, one of the longest and most stable reigns of the Circassian period.- Qajar capture of ShirazSiege · 1791The Qajar capture of Shiraz was the taking of the Zand capital by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar in 1791.
Qajar dynastyStateThe Qajar dynasty was a Turkmen dynasty that ruled Iran from the late eighteenth century until 1925.
Qakare IbiPersonQakare Ibi was a king of Egypt's Eighth Dynasty in the First Intermediate Period, known from the Abydos king list.
Qal'at al-BahrainPlaceQal'at al-Bahrain is an archaeological site on the north coast of Bahrain, occupied from about 2300 BCE to the 18th century.- Qal'at Beni HammadPlaceQal'at Beni Hammad is the ruined first capital of the Hammadid dynasty, in the Hodna Mountains of north-central Algeria, founded around 1007 by Hammad ibn Buluggin.
Qal'at Ja'barPlaceQal'at Ja'bar is a medieval castle on a hill beside the Euphrates in northern Syria, now an island in Lake Assad.- QalacholanPlaceQalacholan was the early capital of the Baban emirate, a Kurdish principality in the Sharazur region of present-day Iraqi Kurdistan.
QalaichiPlaceQalaichi is an archaeological site near Bukan in West Azerbaijan province, north-western Iran, linked with the Mannaean kingdom of the early 1st millennium BCE.
QalawunPersonQalawun was a sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate in the late thirteenth century and founder of a dynasty that ruled for about a century.
QalhatPlaceQalhat is an ancient port city on the coast of Oman, south of Sur.- Qana (Yemen)PlaceQana was the main port of the ancient Kingdom of Hadramawt, on the Arabian Sea coast of southern Yemen near modern Bir Ali.
QanatInstitutionA qanat is an underground channel that carries water by gravity from mountain aquifers to lowland fields and settlements.
Qansuh al-GhawriPersonQansuh al-Ghawri was the penultimate Mamluk sultan of Egypt and Syria, reigning from 1501 to 1516.- Al-Qanun al-Mas'udiWork / monumentThe Qanun al-Mas'udi is an encyclopaedic treatise on astronomy, mathematics and geography written in Arabic by al-Biruni and dedicated to the Ghaznavid sultan Mas'ud I…
- Qapaghan QaghanPersonQapaghan Qaghan was a ruler of the Second Turkic Khaganate from 691 to 716.
QaqortoqPlaceQaqortoq, formerly Julianehåb, is the largest town in southern Greenland, founded as a Danish trading post in 1775.
Qara IskanderPersonQara Iskander was ruler of the Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen confederation from 1420, after the death of his father Qara Yusuf.
Qara KhitaiStateThe Qara Khitai, or Western Liao, was a Central Asian state founded in the twelfth century by Khitan refugees from northern China after the fall of the Liao dynasty.
Qara Yuluk OsmanPersonQara Yuluk Osman was the chief of the Aq Qoyunlu Turkmen confederation around Diyarbakir.
Qara YusufPersonQara Yusuf was the leader of the Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen confederation from 1388 to 1420.- Qara'unasPeople / groupThe Qara'unas were a Turco-Mongol military people of the borderlands of Afghanistan and Khurasan, descended from Mongol garrison troops stationed there in the…
- QarataghliqPeople / groupThe Qarataghliq, or 'Black Mountain' faction, was one of two rival branches of the Naqshbandi khojas in Kashgaria, descended from Ishaq Wali, a son of the Sufi master…
Qarawiyyin MosqueWork / monumentThe Qarawiyyin Mosque is a mosque and centre of learning in Fez, Morocco, founded in 857 or 859 by Fatima al-Fihri, the daughter of a merchant from Kairouan.
QarmatiansPeople / groupThe Qarmatians were a radical Ismaili movement based mainly in eastern Arabia and Bahrain from the late ninth century.- QarnawuPlaceQarnawu was the capital of the ancient South Arabian Kingdom of Ma'in, in the al-Jawf valley of northern Yemen.
QarshiPlaceQarshi is a city in southern Uzbekistan, in the region of Transoxiana.
Qaryat al-FawPlaceQaryat al-Faw is an archaeological site in south-western Saudi Arabia, on the north-western edge of the Rub' al Khali (Empty Quarter).
QashliqPlaceQashliq, also called Isker, was the capital of the Khanate of Sibir, on the right bank of the Irtysh near modern Tobolsk in western Siberia.- Qasim BaridPersonQasim Barid was a Turkic noble who became chief minister of the declining Bahmani Sultanate in the 1490s and controlled its last sultans from Bidar.
Al-Qasim ibn MuhammadPersonAl-Qasim ibn Muhammad was a Zaydi scholar who proclaimed himself imam in the northern highlands of Yemen in 1597 and launched a revolt against Ottoman rule.- al-Qasim ibn Muhammad of AlgecirasPersonal-Qasim ibn Muhammad was the last Hammudid ruler of the Taifa of Algeciras in southern al-Andalus, succeeding his father Muhammad ibn al-Qasim around 1048.
Qasim Khan (Qasim Khanate)PersonQasim Khan was a son of Ulugh Muhammad, founder of the Kazan Khanate, who entered the service of Grand Prince Vasily II of Moscow.
Qasim RazviPersonQasim Razvi was the leader of the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen in Hyderabad State from 1946 and commander of its Razakar militia, which resisted accession to India and…
Qasr IbrimPlaceQasr Ibrim is a fortified hilltop site in Lower Nubia, now an island in Lake Nasser, occupied for some three thousand years until the early 19th century.- al-Qata'iPlaceAl-Qata'i was the capital founded by Ahmad ibn Tulun around 870 north-east of Fustat, on the site of present-day Cairo.
Qatabanian languageTermQatabanian is an Old South Arabian language spoken in the ancient kingdom of Qataban in Yemen and written in the South Arabian script.- Qatada ibn IdrisPersonQatada ibn Idris was a Hasanid sharif from Yanbu who took Mecca in 1201 and founded the line of the Banu Qatada.
- Qatar and Dubai riyalTermThe Qatar and Dubai riyal was the currency issued jointly by Qatar and Dubai from 1966 to 1973.
QatifPlaceQatif is an oasis town and port on the Gulf coast of eastern Saudi Arabia, facing the Bahrain islands.- Qatr al-NadaPersonQatr al-Nada was the daughter of Khumarawayh, the Tulunid ruler of Egypt.
Qatran TabriziPersonQatran Tabrizi was a Persian poet from Azerbaijan who served local rulers of north-western Iran and the Caucasus, including the Rawwadid emir Abu'l-Hayja Wahsudan and…- Qaus-gabriPersonQaus-gabri was a king of Edom in the early 7th century BCE, known from Assyrian records.
- Qavam al-Din Mar'ashiPersonQavam al-Din Mar'ashi, known as Mir-i Buzurg, was a Twelver Shia sayyid and Sufi teacher in Mazandaran whose dervish followers became a political force.
QavurtPersonQavurt was a Seljuk prince, son of Chaghri Beg and elder brother of Alp Arslan, who took Kerman in the 1040s and founded the Seljuk dynasty there.- QaysPeople / groupThe Qays were the northern Arab tribal grouping that opposed the Yemeni or Qahtani faction in the early Islamic period.
- QazaghanPersonQazaghan was a Turkic amir of the Qara'unas who defeated and killed the Chagatai khan Qazan in 1346 or 1347 and became the real ruler of the western Chagatai Khanate in…
- Qazan Khan ibn YasaurPersonQazan Khan ibn Yasaur was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from about 1343 until his death in 1346 or 1347.
- QaziInstitutionQazi is the form of the Arabic word qadi, meaning a judge in Islamic law, used in Persian and South Asian contexts.
Qazi MuhammadPersonQazi Muhammad was a Kurdish judge and religious leader of Mahabad who led the Kurdistan Democratic Party and became president of the Soviet-backed Republic of Mahabad…
QenaPlaceQena is a city in Upper Egypt on the east bank of the Nile, capital of Qena Governorate and close to the temple of Dendera.- QerriPlaceQerri was a town on the Nile in Sudan, north of the confluence of the Blue and White Niles.
Qezel OzanPlaceThe Qezel Ozan, the 'red river', is a river of north-western Iran that rises in Kurdistan province and flows through Zanjan province, then joins the Shahrud at Manjil…
Qhapaq ÑanWork / monumentThe Qhapaq Ñan was the road network of the Inca Empire, some 40,000 kilometres long, running along the Andes and the Pacific coast from present-day Colombia to Chile…
Qi JiguangPersonQi Jiguang was a Ming dynasty general who defeated the wokou pirates raiding the coasts of Zhejiang and Fujian in the 1550s and 1560s.
Qian ChuPersonQian Chu was the last king of Wuyue, the coastal kingdom around Hangzhou, reigning from 947 to 978.
Qian LiuPersonQian Liu was the founder of Wuyue, one of the Ten Kingdoms of China.- Qian'anPlaceQian'an is a county-level city in Tangshan prefecture, north-eastern Hebei province, China, on the Luan River near the Great Wall.
Qiang (historical people)People / groupThe Qiang were pastoral and farming peoples of north-western China, living in the regions of modern Gansu, Qinghai and western Sichuan.
Qianling MausoleumWork / monumentThe Qianling Mausoleum is the tomb complex of the Tang emperor Gaozong and his wife Wu Zetian, built into Mount Liang in Qian County, north-west of Xi'an in Shaanxi.
Qianlong EmperorPersonThe Qianlong Emperor ruled the Qing Empire from 1735 to 1796, presiding over its greatest territorial extent.
Qiantang RiverPlaceThe Qiantang River is the main river of Zhejiang province in eastern China, flowing past Hangzhou into Hangzhou Bay and the East China Sea.- Qiao ZongPersonQiao Zong was an official who rebelled against the Eastern Jin in Sichuan in 405 and founded the state of Western Shu, ruling from Chengdu.
- Qifu clanPeople / groupThe Qifu were a Xianbei clan who settled around the upper Yellow River in present-day Gansu in the 3rd and 4th centuries.
- Qifu GanguiPersonQifu Gangui was the second ruler of Western Qin, a Xianbei state in Gansu during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
- Qifu GuorenPersonQifu Guoren was a chief of the Qifu clan of the Xianbei who founded Western Qin in 385, after the collapse of Former Qin following the Battle of Fei River.
- Qifu MumoPersonQifu Mumo was the last ruler of the Western Qin, one of the Sixteen Kingdoms of northern China, reigning from 428 to 431.
Qilian MountainsPlaceThe Qilian Mountains are a range on the north-eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, along the border of Gansu and Qinghai in China.- Qimin KhaganPersonQimin Khagan was a ruler of the Eastern Turkic Khaganate from 599 to 609.
Qin dynastyStateThe Qin dynasty was the first imperial dynasty of China, which unified the country in 221 BCE under Qin Shi Huang.- Qin Er ShiPersonQin Er Shi, personal name Huhai, was the second emperor of the Qin dynasty, reigning from 210 to 207 BCE.
Qin Shi HuangPersonQin Shi Huang, born Ying Zheng, became king of the State of Qin in 246 BCE and between 230 and 221 BCE conquered the six rival Warring States, unifying China.- Qin ZhongPersonQin Zhong was a leader of the Qin people in the ninth century BCE, ruling from about 844 to 822 BCE.
Qing conquest of TaiwanCampaign · 1683The Qing conquest of Taiwan took place in 1683, when Qing naval forces under Shi Lang defeated the Kingdom of Tungning ruled by the descendants of Koxinga.
Qing EmpireStateThe Qing Empire was the last imperial dynasty of China, founded by the Manchus, who conquered Ming China from 1644 and ruled until 1912.
Qinghai LakePlaceQinghai Lake, also known by its Mongolian name Kokonor, is the largest lake in China, a salt lake on the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau.- QingyangPlaceQingyang is a city in the east of Gansu province, China, on the Loess Plateau near the borders of Shaanxi and Ningxia.
QingzhouPlaceQingzhou is a city in central Shandong, China, named after one of the ancient Nine Provinces and an important regional capital from the Han to the Ming.- QiniqPeople / groupThe Qiniq were a clan of the Oghuz Turks of Central Asia.
- QinnasrinPlaceQinnasrin was an ancient city in northern Syria, south-west of Aleppo, known in Greek and Roman times as Chalcis ad Belum.
Qirwash ibn al-MuqalladPersonQirwash ibn al-Muqallad was the Uqaylid emir of Mosul and the most important ruler of the Arab Uqaylid dynasty, reigning from 1001 to about 1050.- QishnPlaceQishn is a coastal town in Al Mahrah Governorate in eastern Yemen, on the Arabian Sea.
Qizil ArslanPersonQizil Arslan was an atabeg of the Eldiguzid dynasty of Azerbaijan, the son of Eldiguz, who succeeded his brother Jahan Pahlavan in 1186.
QizilbashPeople / groupThe Qizilbash were a confederation of Turkmen tribes devoted to the Safavid Sufi order, named after their distinctive red headgear.