other · Anatolia and the Levant

Government of the Grand National Assembly

1920 CE – 1923 CE · capital Ankara

The Ankara government of Mustafa Kemal, which won the Turkish War of Independence and replaced the Ottoman Empire with the Turkish Republic.

Origins

After the Allies formally occupied Constantinople in March 1920, nationalist deputies and delegates met in Ankara and on 23 April 1920 opened the Grand National Assembly, which claimed sovereignty in the name of the nation. Mustafa Kemal was elected its president.

Rule and society

The assembly governed directly through ministers it elected and adopted a constitution in 1921 vesting sovereignty in the nation. It rejected the Treaty of Sevres, signed treaties with Soviet Russia at Moscow and Kars, and secured French withdrawal by the Treaty of Ankara. Its army stopped the Greeks at Sakarya in 1921 and drove them out in 1922 under Mustafa Kemal and Ismet.

Decline and legacy

The assembly abolished the Ottoman sultanate in November 1922, won recognition in the Treaty of Lausanne of July 1923, and proclaimed the Republic of Turkey on 29 October 1923.

Lineage

Ottoman Empire 1299 CE – 1922 CEGovernment of the Grand National AssemblyRepublic of Turkey 1923 CE – present

Connections (2)

  • French Cilicia was conquered by Government of the Grand National Assembly1921 CE
  • Smyrna Zone was conquered by Government of the Grand National Assembly1922 CE

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Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Government of the Grand National Assembly. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/government-of-the-grand-national-assembly
MLA
“Government of the Grand National Assembly.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/government-of-the-grand-national-assembly. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Government of the Grand National Assembly.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/government-of-the-grand-national-assembly.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Government of the Grand National Assembly’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/government-of-the-grand-national-assembly (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻