other · Egypt, North Africa and Sudan
Roman Numidia
Origins
Numidia came under Rome after the defeat of Juba I in 46 BCE and was long administered as part of Africa Proconsularis, although the commander of the Third Augustan Legion effectively governed it. Around 198 Septimius Severus made it a separate province, governed by the legate from the fortress at Lambaesis.
Rule and society
The legion guarded the Aurès mountains and the desert frontier, and veterans settled in new towns such as Thamugadi (Timgad), founded by Trajan in 100. Cirta was the leading city, renamed Constantina by Constantine. The high plains produced grain and olive oil. Numidia was the stronghold of the Donatist church and the birthplace of Augustine at Thagaste. Diocletian briefly split it into Numidia Cirtensis and Numidia Militiana.
Decline and legacy
After 435 the Vandals took control of parts of Numidia, and their capture of Carthage in 439 ended Roman rule. Byzantine forces later reoccupied much of it, while Berber kingdoms such as the Kingdom of the Aures held the mountains.
Lineage
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- Roman Numidia was a province of Roman Empire198 CE – 439 CE
- Roman Numidia was conquered by Vandal Kingdom439 CE
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Cite this page
- APA
- The Epoch Institute. (2026). Roman Numidia. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/roman-numidia
- MLA
- “Roman Numidia.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/roman-numidia. Accessed .
- Chicago
- The Epoch Institute. “Roman Numidia.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/roman-numidia.
- Harvard
- The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Roman Numidia’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/state/roman-numidia (Accessed: ).
Last reviewed October 2026Random state ↻