22 January in history

7 events that happened on 22 January, from 1517 to 1973.

  1. 1517 CE 509 years ago

    Ottomans defeat the Mamluks at Ridaniya outside Cairo

    Selim I's army, with superior artillery and firearms, crushed the Mamluk forces just outside Cairo. The victory ended the Mamluk Sultanate and brought Egypt, Syria and the Hejaz under Ottoman rule.

    Mamluk SultanateMamluk SultanateSelim IHejaz

  2. 1760 CE 266 years ago

    British defeat the French at Wandiwash

    Sir Eyre Coote's East India Company army beat the Comte de Lally's French force in the Carnatic. The battle effectively ended French hopes of empire in India.

  3. 1879 CE 147 years ago

    Zulu army destroys a British force at Isandlwana

    Some 20,000 Zulu warriors overran a British camp at Isandlwana, killing over 1,300 soldiers and African auxiliaries. It was one of the worst defeats of the British army in the colonial era.

  4. ✦ Anniversary of the day

    1901 CE 125 years ago

    Queen Victoria dies at Osborne House

    Victoria died on the Isle of Wight aged 81 after reigning for 63 years, then the longest reign in British history. Her son succeeded as Edward VII.

  5. 1905 CE 121 years ago

    Bloody Sunday in St Petersburg sparks revolution

    Imperial troops fired on unarmed workers led by Father Georgy Gapon marching to petition Tsar Nicholas II, killing many. The massacre set off the 1905 Revolution and badly damaged faith in the Tsar.

    Russian EmpireNicholas II

  6. 1944 CE 82 years ago

    Allied troops land at Anzio

    In Operation Shingle, Allied forces landed behind German lines south of Rome, hoping to outflank the Gustav Line. Quickly contained, they endured four months of hard fighting before breaking out.

  7. 1973 CE 53 years ago

    US Supreme Court decides Roe v. Wade

    By seven votes to two, the Court ruled that the constitutional right to privacy protected a woman's decision to have an abortion. The ruling was overturned in 2022.

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