Year by year · 18th century

1709

1709 in world history: 11 events, 5 births, 4 deaths, 3 states founded and 1 that came to an end. 1,212 recorded states existed that year.

Events

  1. 8 July

    Peter the Great crushes the Swedish army at Poltava

    Russian forces destroyed the army of Charles XII at Poltava in Ukraine. The battle ended Sweden's era as a great power and announced Russia as the dominant force in northern Europe.

    Peter the GreatUkraineSweden

  2. 11 September

    Marlborough wins a costly victory at Malplaquet

    Marlborough and Prince Eugene drove a French army from its positions at Malplaquet, but lost far more men than the enemy. The bloodiest battle of the century strengthened calls in Britain for peace.

  3. 11 September · Battle

    Battle of Malplaquet

    The Battle of Malplaquet was fought on 11 September 1709 near Mons, in Hainaut, during the War of the Spanish Succession.

  4. Battle

    Battle of Poltava

    The Battle of Poltava was fought in 1709 in present-day Ukraine during the Great Northern War, where the army of Peter I of Russia decisively defeated Charles XII of Sweden.

  5. Battle

    Capitulation at Perevolochna

    The Capitulation at Perevolochna took place in 1709 on the Dnieper River, three days after the Battle of Poltava, when the remains of the Swedish army surrendered to Russian forces.

ProfileState1035 states with a known seat in 1709Open the atlas at 1709 →

In the profiles

  • Kongo EmpirePedro IV reoccupies Sao Salvador and nominally reunifies the kingdom
  • Russian EmpirePeter's reformed army defeats Charles XII of Sweden at Poltava
  • Swedish EmpirePeter the Great crushes Charles XII's army at Poltava
  • Kingdom of SwedenCharles XII is defeated by Peter the Great at Poltava
  • Tsardom of RussiaPeter I defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava

Wars and longer events

Born in 1709 5

Died in 1709 4

States founded 3

States that came to an end 1

All years → The 18th century →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). 1709. In The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1709
MLA
“1709.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1709. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “1709.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1709.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘1709’, The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1709 (Accessed: ).