Mudbrick

A mudbrick is an air-dried, unfired brick of mud mixed with a binder such as straw or rice husks, first known from the dwellings of Jericho, dated to 9000 BCE. Sun-dried mudbricks were the most common construction material in pharaonic Egypt, and people at Mehrgarh in South Asia lived in mudbrick houses between 7000 and 3300 BCE. From around 5000–4000 BCE they evolved into fired bricks, but they remain standard in vernacular building in parts of Africa and western Asia. The Great Mosque of Djenné in Mali is the world's largest mudbrick structure.