Place · region

Mesopotamia

Also known as Mesopotamian

Mesopotamia is the region between and around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, mainly in present-day Iraq. It was the setting of the earliest cities, writing and empires, including the Akkadian, Neo-Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires. Its rich agricultural land later made it central to the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Sasanian and Abbasid states.

Mesopotamia
Image: Goran tek-en · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Mentioned in 47 profiles

Abbasid CaliphateSocioeconomyAchaemenid EmpireSocioeconomyAkkadian EmpireFoundation, Socioeconomy, Governance, Impact, DeclineAssyrian EmpireFoundation, Socioeconomy, Governance, ImpactAyyubid EmpireFoundation, Socioeconomy, MilitaryBabylonian EmpireFoundation, Socioeconomy, Impact, Decline, SummaryChaldean EmpireFoundation, Socioeconomy, Governance, ImpactElamite ConfederationFoundation, Socioeconomy, Military, Governance, ImpactHittite EmpireSocioeconomy, GovernanceIlkhanateFoundation, SocioeconomyMacedonian EmpireSocioeconomy, ImpactMedian EmpireImpactMitanni EmpireFoundation, Military, ImpactNeo-Sumerian EmpireFoundation, Military, Impact, SummaryParthian EmpireFoundation, SocioeconomyRashidun CaliphateSocioeconomy, ImpactRoman EmpireSocioeconomySasanian EmpireSocioeconomy, DeclineSeleucid EmpireSocioeconomy, Governance, Impact, DeclineSeljuk EmpireSocioeconomyTimurid EmpireSocioeconomyUrukSummaryEblaFoundation, Military, Impact, SummaryMariFoundation, Military, Decline, SummaryByblosFoundationDilmunFoundation, Socioeconomy, Impact, Decline, SummaryKingdom of UgaritFoundation, Socioeconomy, SummaryKingdom of IsraelDeclineKingdom of SabaSocioeconomy, SummaryAq QoyunluSocioeconomyBritish RajMilitaryAkkadianOrigins, Grammar, Speakers, Literature, Legacy, SummaryAncient EgyptianOriginsAramaicOriginsChristianitySpreadManichaeismOrigins, Spread, Community, SummarySumerianOrigins, Speakers, SummaryIndus Valley CivilisationOrigins, Exchange, Legacy, SummaryMinoan civilisationSocietyPhoeniciansSocietySogdiansBeliefsChiefdomOrigins, Legacy, SummaryCity-stateOrigins, Legacy, SummaryBell Beaker cultureExchangeIgbo-Ukwu cultureExchange, SummaryMehrgarh cultureExchangeUbaid cultureOrigins, Society, Beliefs, Exchange, Legacy, Summary

Mentioned in 21 state histories

MariNagarMarhashiEmarSimurrumDilmunEshnunnaSukkalmah dynastyKahatZalmaqumKingdom of UgaritKassite Babyloniaand 9 more

Songs in history

Psalm 23c. 500 BCE

See also

Cite this entry
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). Mesopotamia. In The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mesopotamia
MLA
“Mesopotamia.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mesopotamia. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “Mesopotamia.” The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mesopotamia.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘Mesopotamia’, The Epoch Institute Encyclopedia. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/encyclopedia/mesopotamia (Accessed: ).

Last reviewed October 2026Random entry ↻