Country history · Europe

History of Portugal

42 recorded states lay in what is now Portugal, from the Cynetes (700 BCE) to the Third Portuguese Republic. 5 of them have a full profile, and 11 outside powers ruled here.

ProfileState (capital or seat)8 without a known seat not shownOpen in the atlas →

Profiles

Empires that ruled here

Timeline

8th century BCE

  1. Cynetes700 BCE – 150 BCE · tribal confederation

6th century BCE

  1. Callaeci500 BCE – 19 BCE · tribal confederation
  2. Celtici500 BCE – 138 BCE · tribal confederation
  3. Lusitanians500 BCE – 138 BCE · tribal confederation
  4. Turduli500 BCE – 150 BCE · tribal confederation
  5. Vettones500 BCE – 61 BCE · tribal confederation

2nd century BCE

  1. Hispania Ulterior197 BCE – 27 BCE · other

1st century BCE

  1. Sertorian State80 BCE – 72 BCE · other
  2. Lusitania27 BCE – 439 CE · profile

3rd century

  1. Gallaecia293 CE – 409 CE · other

4th century

  1. Diocese of Hispania314 CE – 409 CE · other

5th century

  1. Alan Kingdom in Hispania409 CE – 418 CE · kingdom
  2. Kingdom of the Suebi409 CE – 585 CE · kingdom
  3. Visigothic Kingdom418 CE – 721 CE · kingdom

8th century

  1. Al-Andalus (Umayyad province)711 CE – 756 CE · other
  2. Emirate of Córdoba756 CE – 929 CE · profile

9th century

  1. County of Portugal868 CE – 1139 CE · county
  2. Marwanid Badajoz875 CE – 930 CE · other
  3. County of Coimbra878 CE – 987 CE · county

10th century

  1. Kingdom of Galicia910 CE – 1833 CE · kingdom
  2. Kingdom of León910 CE – 1230 CE · profile
  3. Caliphate of Córdoba929 CE – 1031 CE · profile

11th century

  1. Taifa of Badajoz1009 CE – 1094 CE · emirate
  2. Taifa of Santa María del Algarve1018 CE – 1051 CE · emirate
  3. Taifa of Lisbon1022 CE – 1034 CE · emirate
  4. Taifa of Seville1023 CE – 1091 CE · emirate
  5. Taifa of Silves1027 CE – 1063 CE · emirate
  6. Taifa of Mértola1033 CE – 1044 CE · emirate

12th century

  1. Kingdom of Portugal1139 CE – 1910 CE · profile
  2. Second Taifa of Mértola1144 CE – 1151 CE · emirate
  3. Second Taifa of Silves1144 CE – 1150 CE · emirate
  4. Taifa of Beja and Évora1144 CE – 1150 CE · emirate
  5. Taifa of Tavira1145 CE – 1150 CE · emirate

13th century

  1. Kingdom of the Algarve1249 CE – 1910 CE · kingdom

16th century

  1. Iberian Union1580 CE – 1640 CE · other

19th century

  1. United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves1815 CE – 1822 CE · kingdom
  2. Miguelist Portugal1828 CE – 1834 CE · kingdom

20th century

  1. First Portuguese Republic1910 CE – 1926 CE · republic
  2. Monarchy of the North1919 CE – 1919 CE · kingdom
  3. Ditadura Nacional1926 CE – 1933 CE · republic
  4. Estado Novo (Portugal)1933 CE – 1974 CE · republic
  5. Third Portuguese Republic1974 CE – present · republic

In the encyclopedia

Shared histories

States that also lay in other present-day countries:

States of Iberia → States of France and the Low Countries → All country histories →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). History of Portugal. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/portugal
MLA
“History of Portugal.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/portugal. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “History of Portugal.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/portugal.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘History of Portugal’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/portugal (Accessed: ).