States of Scandinavia and the Baltic
137 kingdoms, principalities, republics, chiefdoms and other states, in order of their founding.
2nd century
6th century
7th century
8th century
- Hålogaland700 CE – 900 CEchiefdom · today Norway
- Värmland700 CE – 1000 CEkingdom · today Sweden
- Agder750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Earldom of Møre750 CE – 1000 CEcounty · today Norway
- Firdafylke750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Grenland750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Hadeland750 CE – 1020 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Hedmark750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Hordaland750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Raumarike750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Ringerike750 CE – 1020 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Rogaland750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Sogn750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Vestfold750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Vingulmark750 CE – 880 CEkingdom · today Norway
9th century
- Alempois800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Bartians800 CE – 1274 CEtribal confederation · today Poland, Russia
- Harjumaa800 CE – 1219 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Järvamaa800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Karelians800 CE – 1278 CEtribal confederation · today Russia, Finland
- Läänemaa800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Lubavians800 CE – 1260 CEtribal confederation · today Poland
- Mõhu800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Nadruvians800 CE – 1277 CEtribal confederation · today Russia, Lithuania
- Natangians800 CE – 1274 CEtribal confederation · today Russia, Poland
- Nurmekund800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Pogesanians800 CE – 1274 CEtribal confederation · today Poland
- Pomesanians800 CE – 1236 CEtribal confederation · today Poland
- Rävala800 CE – 1219 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Saaremaa800 CE – 1227 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Sakala800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Sambians800 CE – 1255 CEtribal confederation · today Russia
- Scalovians800 CE – 1277 CEtribal confederation · today Russia, Lithuania
- Tavastia800 CE – 1249 CEtribal confederation · today Finland
- Ugandi800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Vaiga800 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Virumaa800 CE – 1220 CEchiefdom · today Estonia
- Warmians800 CE – 1274 CEtribal confederation · today Poland
- Faroese Commonwealth825 CE – 1035 CEother · today Denmark
- Kingdom of Norway872 CE – presentprofile · today Norway
- Earldom of Orkney875 CE – 1472 CEcounty · today United Kingdom
- Earldom of Lade880 CE – 1030 CEcounty · today Norway
10th century
- Gotland900 CE – 1361 CErepublic · today Sweden
- Jämtland900 CE – 1178 CErepublic · today Sweden
- Icelandic Commonwealth930 CE – 1262 CErepublic · today Iceland
- Kingdom of Denmark936 CE – presentprofile · today Denmark
- Kingdom of Sweden970 CE – presentprofile · today Sweden, Finland
- Norse Greenland985 CE – 1450 CEother · today Greenland
11th century
12th century
- Atzele1100 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Latvia
- Idumea1100 CE – 1206 CEchiefdom · today Latvia
- Metsepole1100 CE – 1206 CEchiefdom · today Latvia
- Tālava1100 CE – 1224 CEchiefdom · today Latvia
- Turaida1100 CE – 1206 CEchiefdom · today Latvia
- Visby1161 CE – 1361 CEcity state · today Sweden
- Archbishopric of Riga1186 CE – 1561 CEprince bishopric · today Latvia
13th century
- Livonian Brothers of the Sword1202 CE – 1237 CEtheocracy · today Latvia, Estonia
- Terra Mariana1207 CE – 1561 CEcrusader state · today Latvia, Estonia
- Bishopric of Semigallia1218 CE – 1251 CEprince bishopric · today Latvia
- Duchy of Estonia (1219-1346)1219 CE – 1346 CEduchy · today Estonia
- Bishopric of Dorpat1224 CE – 1558 CEprince bishopric · today Estonia
- Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek1228 CE – 1560 CEprince bishopric · today Estonia
- Bishopric of Courland1234 CE – 1585 CEprince bishopric · today Latvia
- Livonian Order1237 CE – 1561 CEtheocracy · today Latvia, Estonia
- Bishopric of Culm1243 CE – 1466 CEprince bishopric · today Poland
- Bishopric of Pomesania1243 CE – 1527 CEprince bishopric · today Poland
- Bishopric of Samland1243 CE – 1525 CEprince bishopric · today Russia
- Reval1248 CE – 1561 CEprofile · today Estonia
- Free City of Riga1282 CE – 1581 CEcity state · today Latvia
14th century
15th century
16th century
- Denmark-Norway1523 CE – 1814 CEprofile · today Denmark, Norway, Iceland
- Duchy of Finland1556 CE – 1563 CEduchy · today Finland
- Danish Ösel1560 CE – 1645 CEother · today Estonia
- Duchy of Courland and Semigallia1561 CE – 1795 CEduchy · today Latvia
- Duchy of Estonia (1561-1721)1561 CE – 1721 CEduchy · today Estonia
- Duchy of Livonia1561 CE – 1621 CEduchy · today Latvia, Estonia
- Kingdom of Livonia1570 CE – 1578 CEkingdom · today Estonia, Latvia
- District of Pilten1585 CE – 1795 CEother · today Latvia
17th century
- Swedish Ingria1617 CE – 1721 CEother · today Russia
- Danish India1620 CE – 1869 CEcolony · today India
- Swedish Livonia1629 CE – 1721 CEother · today Latvia, Estonia
- New Sweden1638 CE – 1655 CEcolony · today United States
- Bremen-Verden1648 CE – 1712 CEduchy · today Germany
- Swedish Wismar1648 CE – 1803 CEimperial city · today Germany
- Swedish Gold Coast1650 CE – 1663 CEcolony · today Ghana
- Courland Gambia1651 CE – 1661 CEcolony · today The Gambia
- Courland Tobago1654 CE – 1689 CEcolony · today Trinidad and Tobago
- Danish Gold Coast1658 CE – 1850 CEcolony · today Ghana
- Danish West Indies1672 CE – 1917 CEcolony · today United States
18th century
- Danish Greenland1721 CE – 1953 CEcolony · today Greenland
- Governorate of Estonia1721 CE – 1917 CEother · today Estonia
- Governorate of Livonia1721 CE – 1918 CEother · today Latvia, Estonia
- Saint Barthélemy (Swedish)1784 CE – 1878 CEcolony · today France
- Governorate of Courland1795 CE – 1918 CEother · today Latvia, Lithuania
19th century
- Grand Duchy of Finland1809 CE – 1917 CEduchy · today Finland
- Swedish Guadeloupe1813 CE – 1814 CEcolony · today France
- Kingdom of Norway (1814)1814 CE – 1814 CEkingdom · today Norway
- Sweden-Norway1814 CE – 1905 CEkingdom · today Sweden, Norway
- Provisional Government of Schleswig-Holstein1848 CE – 1851 CEother · today Germany, Denmark
20th century
- Ober Ost1915 CE – 1918 CEother · today Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus
- Autonomous Governorate of Estonia1917 CE – 1918 CEother · today Estonia
- Iskolat1917 CE – 1918 CErepublic · today Latvia, Estonia
- Republic of Finland1917 CE – presentprofile · today Finland
- Commune of the Working People of Estonia1918 CE – 1919 CErepublic · today Estonia
- Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1918)1918 CE – 1918 CEduchy · today Latvia
- Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic1918 CE – 1918 CErepublic · today Finland
- Kingdom of Finland (1918)1918 CE – 1918 CEkingdom · today Finland
- Kingdom of Iceland1918 CE – 1944 CEkingdom · today Iceland
- Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic1918 CE – 1920 CErepublic · today Latvia
- Republic of Estonia1918 CE – presentprofile · today Estonia
- Republic of Latvia1918 CE – presentprofile · today Latvia
- Republic of Lithuania1918 CE – presentprofile · today Lithuania
- United Baltic Duchy1918 CE – 1918 CEduchy · today Latvia, Estonia
- Republic of North Ingria1919 CE – 1920 CErepublic · today Russia
- Republic of Uhtua1919 CE – 1920 CErepublic · today Russia
- Klaipėda Region1920 CE – 1939 CEother · today Lithuania
- Åland1921 CE – presentother · today Finland
- Finnish Democratic Republic1939 CE – 1940 CErepublic · today Russia, Finland
- Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic1940 CE – 1991 CEother · today Estonia
- Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic1940 CE – 1956 CEother · today Russia
- Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic1940 CE – 1991 CEother · today Latvia
- Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic1940 CE – 1990 CEother · today Lithuania
- Reichskommissariat Norwegen1940 CE – 1945 CEother · today Norway
- Estonian Self-Administration1941 CE – 1944 CEother · today Estonia
- Provisional Government of Lithuania (1941)1941 CE – 1941 CEother · today Lithuania
- Reichskommissariat Ostland1941 CE – 1945 CEother · today Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
- Latvian Self-Administration1942 CE – 1945 CEother · today Latvia
- Republic of Iceland1944 CE – presentrepublic · today Iceland