23 March in history

8 events that happened on 23 March, from 625 to 1965.

  1. 625 CE 1,401 years ago

    The Quraysh defeat the Muslims at the Battle of Uhud

    Near Mount Uhud, north of Medina, the Quraysh of Mecca under Abu Sufyan defeated the Muslims under Muhammad after archers left their posts. Muhammad was wounded and his uncle Hamza killed, but the Meccans did not follow up their victory.

    Battle of UhudMuhammadQuraysh

  2. 1400 CE 626 years ago

    Hồ Quý Ly deposes the Trần dynasty and founds the Hồ dynasty

    The minister Hồ Quý Ly overthrew the emperor Thiếu Đế, his own grandson, ending 175 years of Trần rule in Đại Việt and founding the Hồ dynasty. The Ming used his usurpation as a pretext to invade in 1406.

    Hồ Quý Ly

  3. 1540 CE 486 years ago

    Waltham Abbey surrenders, the last English monastery to close

    The Augustinian abbey at Waltham in Essex was surrendered to Henry VIII's commissioners. It completed the Dissolution of the Monasteries, which transferred vast church lands to the Crown.

  4. 1775 CE 251 years ago

    Patrick Henry declares 'Give me liberty, or give me death!'

    At the Second Virginia Convention in Richmond, Henry urged the colony to raise a militia against Britain. The convention agreed, and fighting began at Lexington four weeks later.

    Virginia

  5. ✦ Anniversary of the day

    1801 CE 225 years ago

    Tsar Paul I murdered in St Michael's Castle

    Conspiring officers killed the erratic Tsar in his bedroom in St Petersburg. His son Alexander I, aware of the plot, succeeded him and later led Russia against Napoleon.

    Napoleon

  6. 1919 CE 107 years ago

    Mussolini founds the Fasci di Combattimento in Milan

    Benito Mussolini gathered veterans and nationalists in Piazza San Sepolcro to found a new movement. Its blackshirts helped him take power in 1922, and Fascism became a model for Hitler.

    Kingdom of ItalyBenito MussoliniFascismMilan

  7. 1933 CE 93 years ago

    Reichstag passes the Enabling Act

    With communists barred and others intimidated, the German parliament allowed Hitler's cabinet to make laws without it. Only the Social Democrats voted against, and the dictatorship had a legal basis.

    Reichstag

  8. 1965 CE 61 years ago

    Gemini 3 makes the first crewed Gemini flight

    Gus Grissom and John Young flew three orbits and became the first astronauts to change their spacecraft's orbit. The Gemini programme prepared the techniques for Apollo.

Born on 23 March 3

Died on 23 March 6

Dates as the sources give them: in the Julian calendar before 1582, and in some countries for longer (Britain until 1752, Russia until 1918). Only people whose day of birth or death the records agree on are listed.

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