Year by year · 19th century

1801

1801 in world history: 13 events, 15 births, 9 deaths, 3 states founded and 3 that came to an end. 1,242 recorded states existed that year.

Events

  1. 1 January

    Act of Union creates the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

    The union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect, abolishing the Irish Parliament and sending Irish members to Westminster. The arrangement lasted until the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922.

    Kingdom of Great Britain

  2. 1 January

    Giuseppe Piazzi discovers Ceres from Palermo

    Searching the night sky from Palermo Observatory, Piazzi spotted a moving point of light: Ceres, the first object found in the asteroid belt. Long classed as a planet, then an asteroid, it is now termed a dwarf planet.

  3. 4 February

    John Marshall becomes Chief Justice of the United States

    Marshall began 34 years as Chief Justice, the longest in the Court's history. His rulings, beginning with Marbury v. Madison, established judicial review and a strong federal government.

    United States

  4. 17 February

    House elects Thomas Jefferson President after an electoral tie

    On the 36th ballot, the House of Representatives broke the tie between Jefferson and his running mate Aaron Burr. The crisis led to the Twelfth Amendment, separating votes for President and Vice-President.

  5. 23 March

    Tsar Paul I murdered in St Michael's Castle

    Conspiring officers killed the erratic Tsar in his bedroom in St Petersburg. His son Alexander I, aware of the plot, succeeded him and later led Russia against Napoleon.

    Napoleon

  6. 2 April

    A British fleet defeats the Danish-Norwegian fleet at Copenhagen

    Because Denmark had joined the League of Armed Neutrality, a British fleet under Sir Hyde Parker, with Horatio Nelson leading the attack, engaged the Danish-Norwegian fleet before Copenhagen. After hard fighting a truce was agreed and Denmark left the league.

    Battle of Copenhagen (1801)Royal NavyDenmark

  7. Treaty · Peace

    Treaty of Lunéville

    The Treaty of Lunéville was signed on 9 February 1801 between the French Republic and Emperor Francis II after Austrian defeats at Marengo and Hohenlinden.

  8. Event

    Vaisakhi

    Vaisakhi, or Baisakhi, is a spring harvest festival of the Punjab and one of the most important festivals of the Sikh calendar, commemorating the founding of the Khalsa.

  9. Treaty

    Treaty of Aranjuez (1801)

    The Treaty of Aranjuez of 21 March 1801 was an agreement between France and Spain confirming the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800.

ProfileState1060 states with a known seat in 1801Open the atlas at 1801 →

In the profiles

Wars and longer events

Born in 1801 15

Died in 1801 9

States founded 3

States that came to an end 3

All years → The 19th century →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). 1801. In The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1801
MLA
“1801.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1801. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “1801.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1801.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘1801’, The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1801 (Accessed: ).