Year by year · 12th century

1191

1191 in world history: 9 events, 2 births, 9 deaths, 1 state founded and 1 that came to an end. 626 recorded states existed that year.

Events

  1. 15 April

    Henry VI is crowned Holy Roman Emperor

    Henry VI of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, son of Frederick Barbarossa and King of Germany since 1169, was crowned Holy Roman Emperor. Through his wife Constance he won the Kingdom of Sicily in 1194.

    Henry VI, Holy Roman EmperorImperator Romanorum

  2. 12 May

    Richard the Lionheart marries Berengaria in Cyprus

    During his conquest of Byzantine-ruled Cyprus on the way to the Third Crusade, Richard I married Berengaria of Navarre at Limassol. The island became a long-lasting crusader kingdom.

    Kingdom of EnglandThird CrusadeCyprus

  3. 8 June

    King Richard I lands at Acre during the Third Crusade

    King Richard I of England landed at Acre with his forces, joining the French and German armies of the Third Crusade already there. The crusade recovered Acre and much of the coast, but not Jerusalem.

    Richard I of EnglandThird Crusade

  4. 8 June

    Richard the Lionheart arrives at the siege of Acre

    Richard I joined the crusaders besieging Acre, which surrendered five weeks later. He went on to win at Arsuf but never retook Jerusalem.

  5. 12 July

    Acre surrenders to the armies of the Third Crusade

    After a siege of almost two years, the garrison of Acre surrendered to Richard I and Philip II. The port became the crusaders' main base and later capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

    Ayyubid EmpireKingdom of JerusalemThird Crusade

  6. 20 August

    Richard I has 2,700 Muslim prisoners executed at Ayyadieh

    When negotiations with Saladin over ransom and the True Cross stalled, Richard the Lionheart had the captured garrison of Acre killed outside the city. The massacre embittered the war.

    Kingdom of EnglandTrue CrossSaladin

  7. 7 September

    Richard the Lionheart defeats Saladin at Arsuf

    Marching down the coast, Richard's army withstood harassing attacks before a crusader charge broke Saladin's forces at Arsuf. The victory let the crusaders take Jaffa.

    Ayyubid EmpireSaladin

  8. Battle

    First Battle of Tarain

    The First Battle of Tarain was fought in 1191 near Taraori in present-day Haryana, India, between the Ghurid army of Muhammad of Ghor and the Rajput forces of Prithviraj Chauhan, king of Ajmer and Delhi.

ProfileState547 states with a known seat in 1191Open the atlas at 1191 →

In the profiles

Born in 1191 2

Died in 1191 9

States founded 1

States that came to an end 1

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Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). 1191. In The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1191
MLA
“1191.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1191. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “1191.” The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1191.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘1191’, The Epoch Institute, Year by Year. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/years/1191 (Accessed: ).