Country history · Asia

History of Tajikistan

26 recorded states lay in what is now Tajikistan, from Yuezhi (300 BCE) to Tajikistan. 2 of them have a full profile, and 15 outside powers ruled here.

ProfileState (capital or seat)5 without a known seat not shownOpen in the atlas →

Profiles

Empires that ruled here

Timeline

4th century BCE

  1. Yuezhi300 BCE – 30 CE · profile

3rd century BCE

  1. Greco-Bactrian Kingdom256 BCE – 120 BCE · kingdom
  2. Kingdom of Dayuan200 BCE – 300 CE · kingdom

1st century

  1. Kushan Empire30 CE – 375 CE · profile

3rd century

  1. Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom230 CE – 365 CE · kingdom

5th century

  1. Hephthalite Empire450 CE – 560 CE · nomadic confederation

6th century

  1. Principality of Ferghana500 CE – 820 CE · principality
  2. Principality of Panjikent500 CE – 722 CE · city state

7th century

  1. Principality of Khuttal600 CE – 751 CE · principality
  2. Ustrushana600 CE – 893 CE · principality
  3. Yabghus of Tokharistan625 CE – 758 CE · kingdom

9th century

  1. Samanid Empire819 CE – 999 CE · emirate

11th century

  1. Western Kara-Khanid Khanate1042 CE – 1212 CE · khanate

14th century

  1. Western Chagatai Khanate1347 CE – 1370 CE · khanate

16th century

  1. Khanate of Bukhara1500 CE – 1785 CE · khanate

17th century

  1. Principality of Badakhshan1657 CE – 1881 CE · principality

18th century

  1. Khanate of Kokand1709 CE – 1876 CE · khanate
  2. Emirate of Bukhara1785 CE – 1920 CE · emirate

19th century

  1. Kataghan Khanate1815 CE – 1859 CE · khanate
  2. Turkestan Governorate-General1867 CE – 1917 CE · colony

20th century

  1. Kokand Autonomy1917 CE – 1918 CE · republic
  2. Turkestan ASSR1918 CE – 1924 CE · republic
  3. Bukharan People's Soviet Republic1920 CE – 1924 CE · republic
  4. Tajik ASSR1924 CE – 1929 CE · republic
  5. Tajik SSR1929 CE – 1991 CE · republic
  6. Tajikistan1991 CE – present · republic

In the encyclopedia

Shared histories

States that also lay in other present-day countries:

States of Central Asia and the Steppe → All country histories →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). History of Tajikistan. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/tajikistan
MLA
“History of Tajikistan.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/tajikistan. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “History of Tajikistan.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/tajikistan.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘History of Tajikistan’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/tajikistan (Accessed: ).