Country history · Asia

History of Uzbekistan

47 recorded states lay in what is now Uzbekistan, from Saka (700 BCE) to Uzbekistan. 5 of them have a full profile, and 19 outside powers ruled here.

ProfileState (capital or seat)11 without a known seat not shownOpen in the atlas →

Profiles

Empires that ruled here

Timeline

8th century BCE

  1. Saka700 BCE – 100 BCE · profile

7th century BCE

  1. Massagetae600 BCE – 100 BCE · nomadic confederation

6th century BCE

  1. Dahae500 BCE – 200 BCE · tribal confederation
  2. Kingdom of Khwarazm500 BCE – 305 CE · kingdom

4th century BCE

  1. Yuezhi300 BCE – 30 CE · profile

3rd century BCE

  1. Greco-Bactrian Kingdom256 BCE – 120 BCE · kingdom
  2. Kangju200 BCE – 450 CE · nomadic confederation
  3. Kingdom of Dayuan200 BCE – 300 CE · kingdom

1st century

  1. Kushan Empire30 CE – 375 CE · profile

3rd century

  1. Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom230 CE – 365 CE · kingdom

4th century

  1. Afrighid Khwarazm305 CE – 995 CE · kingdom
  2. Kidarite Kingdom320 CE – 477 CE · kingdom
  3. Chionites350 CE – 440 CE · nomadic confederation

5th century

  1. Hephthalite Empire450 CE – 560 CE · nomadic confederation

6th century

  1. Principality of Chach500 CE – 751 CE · city state
  2. Principality of Ferghana500 CE – 820 CE · principality
  3. Principality of Kesh500 CE – 740 CE · city state
  4. Principality of Samarkand500 CE – 750 CE · city state

7th century

  1. Principality of Bukhara600 CE – 750 CE · city state
  2. Ustrushana600 CE – 893 CE · principality
  3. Western Turkic Khaganate603 CE – 742 CE · khanate
  4. Yabghus of Tokharistan625 CE – 758 CE · kingdom

8th century

  1. Oghuz Yabgu State750 CE – 1055 CE · nomadic confederation

9th century

  1. Samanid Empire819 CE – 999 CE · emirate
  2. Kara-Khanid Khanate840 CE – 1042 CE · profile

10th century

  1. Ma'munid Khwarazm995 CE – 1017 CE · kingdom

11th century

  1. Western Kara-Khanid Khanate1042 CE – 1212 CE · khanate

12th century

  1. Qara Khitai1124 CE – 1218 CE · khanate

13th century

  1. Golden Horde1242 CE – 1502 CE · profile
  2. Qara'unas1260 CE – 1370 CE · nomadic confederation

14th century

  1. Western Chagatai Khanate1347 CE – 1370 CE · khanate
  2. Sufi dynasty1361 CE – 1388 CE · emirate

15th century

  1. Uzbek Khanate1428 CE – 1471 CE · khanate

16th century

  1. Khanate of Bukhara1500 CE – 1785 CE · khanate
  2. Khanate of Khiva1511 CE – 1920 CE · khanate

18th century

  1. Khanate of Kokand1709 CE – 1876 CE · khanate
  2. Tashkent Hakimate1784 CE – 1808 CE · city state
  3. Emirate of Bukhara1785 CE – 1920 CE · emirate

19th century

  1. Beylik of Shahrisabz1856 CE – 1870 CE · principality
  2. Turkestan Governorate-General1867 CE – 1917 CE · colony

20th century

  1. Kokand Autonomy1917 CE – 1918 CE · republic
  2. Turkestan ASSR1918 CE – 1924 CE · republic
  3. Bukharan People's Soviet Republic1920 CE – 1924 CE · republic
  4. Khorezm People's Soviet Republic1920 CE – 1924 CE · republic
  5. Uzbek SSR1924 CE – 1991 CE · republic
  6. Karakalpakstan1925 CE – present · republic
  7. Uzbekistan1991 CE – present · republic

In the encyclopedia

Shared histories

States that also lay in other present-day countries:

States of Central Asia and the Steppe → All country histories →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). History of Uzbekistan. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/uzbekistan
MLA
“History of Uzbekistan.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/uzbekistan. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “History of Uzbekistan.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/uzbekistan.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘History of Uzbekistan’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/uzbekistan (Accessed: ).